DEUS EM DESCARTES

RAZÃO, MODERNIDADE E ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA

Abstract

This article investigates the notion of God in the philosophy of René Descartes, highlighting its relevance for the constitution of modern rationality and for philosophy education in both basic and higher education. The research problem seeks to understand how the notion of God in Descartes, understood within the context of modernity, can contribute to philosophy teaching in basic and higher education. The main objective is to analyze the role of God in the foundation of Cartesian knowledge and its pedagogical implications. The methodology adopted is qualitative, bibliographic, and analytical, examining the Cartesian philosophical system and the treatment of the topic in textbooks and educational normative documents. The results indicate that the notion of God is not a secondary element, but sustains the certainty of the cogito, the validity of reason, and scientific demonstrations, functioning as a structuring axis of modernity. Moreover, it is observed that the pedagogical approach often simplifies or neglects this concept, limiting an integrated understanding of modern philosophy. As a conclusion, pedagogical strategies are proposed that articulate conceptual rigor, critical reflection, and historical contextualization, showing that understanding the notion of God can strengthen intellectual and teaching formation, promoting critical thinking, autonomy, and the development of philosophical competencies in students.

Keywords: philosophy education; teacher training; rationality; transcendence; methodical doubt.