Public policies

an analysis of the conditions at the Monsenhor Walfredo Gurgel State Hospital

Abstract

This study analyzes public policies in Brazil dialectically, through a historical analysis based on the doctrine of social rights, citizenship, and the classical vision of the Welfare State. It examines judicial activism, which is considered institutionally relevant and appropriate for the implementation of public policies. Faced with the inertia of some institutions, the judiciary takes on roles to fill this gap, enabling the realization of fundamental rights. Furthermore, it seeks to illustrate the developed theory in a concrete case, starting from a topical-problematic analysis, aiming to demonstrate the chaotic health situation in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, emphasizing the problem of ICU beds at the Walfredo Gurgel Hospital and seeking a practical solution to this problem, grounded in the constitutional right to health and the dignity of the human person. Taxation is studied as a mechanism for social change, since taxes should be used from an extra-fiscal perspective, stemming from state interventionism, representing state action on society, the market, and free enterprise. Finally, it seeks to demonstrate how taxation has positively influenced the implementation of social inclusion policies, especially affirmative action policies, which aim at the social inclusion of disadvantaged groups throughout the evolution of society.