Diretrizes éticas, de transparência e integridade da pesquisa

The Revista Informação na Sociedade Contemporânea (RISC) adheres to international best practices in scientific integrity and scholarly communication, following the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA), the UNESCO Recommendations on Open Science (2021), and the principles promoted by AmeliCA, which advocate for non-commercial, cooperative, and sustainable models of scholarly publishing.

The policies below outline ethical principles and responsibilities applicable to authors, reviewers, and editors. Policies concerning the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in scientific publishing are presented separately.

1. AUTHORSHIP AND CONTRIBUTIONS POLICY

1.1 Authorship Criteria

Authorship must reflect substantial intellectual contribution to the work, including at least all of the following aspects:

a) conception and design of the research, or analysis and interpretation of data;
b) drafting or critical revision of the manuscript;
c) approval of the final version to be published and responsibility for its content.

Contributions that do not meet these criteria should be acknowledged in the Acknowledgements section but do not qualify for authorship.

1.2 Author Contribution Declaration (CRediT)

For multi-authored manuscripts, the contributions of all authors must be specified. RISC adopts the CRediT Taxonomy to describe individual author contributions. Authors must select the categories that best describe their roles:

Conceptualization – Data Curation – Formal Analysis – Funding Acquisition – Investigation – Methodology – Project Administration – Resources – Software – Supervision – Validation – Visualization – Writing – Original Draft – Writing – Review & Editing

The corresponding author must submit these contributions during the submission process, and all authors must agree beforehand.

CRediT roles (summary definitions):

Conceptualization – formulation of overarching research goals and aims.
Data Curation – annotation, cleaning, and maintenance of research data for initial use and reuse.
Formal Analysis – application of formal statistical, mathematical, computational, or other techniques to analyze or synthesize data.
Funding Acquisition – acquisition of financial support for the project leading to this publication.
Investigation – conducting research/experiments or data/evidence collection.
Methodology – development or design of methodology; creation of models.
Project Administration – management and coordination responsibility for the research activity.
Resources – provision of study materials, instrumentation, computing resources, or other tools for analysis.
Software – programming, software development, implementation of computer code and algorithms.
Supervision – oversight and leadership responsibility for the planning and execution of the research.
Validation – verification of reproducibility or replication of experiments or research outputs.
Visualization – preparation and presentation of data or visual content.
Writing – Original Draft – preparation and creation of the initial manuscript draft.
Writing – Review & Editing – critical review, commentary, and revision of the published work.

1.3 Authorship Changes

Authors are responsible for the correct inclusion and order of co-authors in the metadata at submission. Changes in authorship order, addition, or removal of authors are only allowed before acceptance and must be accompanied by a letter signed by all parties. After publication, changes will only occur in exceptional circumstances and will be documented via an Erratum.

1.4 Persistent Identifier (ORCID)

RISC requires that all authors provide an ORCID iD at submission.

2. PEER REVIEW POLICY

2.1 Review Model

RISC adopts a double-blind peer review system.

2.2 Reviewer Conduct

Reviewers must:

preserve strict confidentiality
avoid conflicts of interest
provide constructive, technically grounded assessments
honor agreed deadlines
alert the editors to suspected misconduct, plagiarism, errors, or manipulation

2.3 Editorial Conduct

Editors must ensure:

impartiality
confidentiality
transparency
absence of conflicts of interest
reasoned editorial decisions

3. CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY

Conflicts of interest may be financial or non-financial, personal, professional, ideological, or institutional. All authors must disclose potential conflicts during submission.

A conflict of interest is anything that interferes, or may reasonably be perceived as interfering, with the objective presentation of content, conclusions, implications, or opinions at any stage (authorship, peer review, editorial decision, or publication).

Failure to disclose conflicts may result in immediate rejection or post-publication action in accordance with COPE.

Examples of financial conflicts include:

paid employment or consultancy
board membership
patents (pending or granted)
research grants or awards
travel funding or honoraria
gifts

Examples of non-financial conflicts include:

expert witness activities
advisory roles in government or organizations
relationships with NGOs or funding bodies
advocacy or lobbying activities
educational consulting or writing
personal relationships affecting evaluation
political, ideological, or religious commitments affecting impartiality

4. ORIGINALITY, PLAGIARISM, AND REDUNDANCY POLICY

4.1 Plagiarism

Plagiarized content will not be considered for publication in RISC. This includes:

verbatim copying without citation
paraphrasing without attribution
self-plagiarism or text recycling (per COPE guidelines)
misuse of images, data, or graphics

Cases will be handled in accordance with COPE.

4.2 Redundant or Duplicate Publication

Manuscripts previously published or under review elsewhere will not be considered. Prior dissemination as theses, dissertations, conference papers, or preprints is permitted if disclosed, and provided that updates or adaptations are made.

Suspected redundancy will follow COPE procedures.

5. HUMAN SUBJECTS RESEARCH AND SENSITIVE DATA POLICY

RISC requires that research involving human participants, personal data, or sensitive information comply with ethical standards, including:

informed consent
privacy protection and anonymization (LGPD compliance, when applicable)
review by recognized ethics committees (e.g., CEP/CONEP), when required

Ethics approvals and consent statements must be disclosed in the manuscript.

6. RESEARCH DATA, REPRODUCIBILITY, AND OPEN SCIENCE POLICY

RISC encourages:

data, code, and materials sharing
adherence to FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable)
deposit in open repositories (e.g., Zenodo, OSF, Figshare, Dataverse, institutional repositories)

When depositing materials, authors must specify:

type of material
repository
license
persistent identifier (DOI/URL)

Ethical, legal, or institutional exceptions must be justified.

7. RETRACTIONS, ERRATA, AND CORRECTIONS POLICY

RISC follows COPE guidance for:

errata
corrections
partial or full retractions
expressions of concern

All corrections will be transparent and linked to the original text.

8. IMAGE, GRAPHICS, AND DATA MANIPULATION POLICY

Prohibited:

inappropriate image manipulation
data removal or alteration
misleading graphics
undeclared synthetic content or deepfakes

Legitimate adjustments (e.g., brightness, contrast) must be disclosed.

9. THIRD-PARTY CONTENT AND COPYRIGHT POLICY

Authors must obtain permission to use:

images
tables
graphs
documents
personal data
cultural materials

Sources must be cited.

10. FINAL RESPONSIBILITY

Authors bear full responsibility for the scientific, ethical, methodological, and intellectual integrity of submitted content.