IFRS S2: perspectives of respondents from BRICS regarding the climate-related disclosure standard
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21680/2176-9036.2026v18n1ID38471Keywords:
portuguêsAbstract
Purpose: To analyze the opinion of participants in comment letters from BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) on the draft IFRS S2 - Climate-related Disclosures, issued by the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB).
Methodology: The 700 letters sent globally and, subsequently, the 43 sent by the countries that make up BRICS were analyzed using the ChatPDF and ATLAS.ti software.
Results: The analysis revealed that most of the letters are between 1 and 10 pages long, with 92% of the correspondence sent by organizations, mostly from agencies, alliances and associations. Geographically, countries such as the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Australia, France, Japan, Germany and Switzerland stood out. In the context of BRICS, the participation of South Africa and Brazil stands out, and no letters were sent by Russia. Through detailed analysis of the BRICS letters, it was observed that the responses highlighted the importance of clear terms, the combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches in disclosures, and the inclusion of transition plans and decarbonization targets. The main challenges identified were the difficulties of implementation in emerging economies and the high associated costs, suggesting a phased and flexible approach. The adoption of the concept of double materiality, the creation of a universal glossary and the standardization of digital documents are recommended. The responses indicated strong support for the objectives of the draft IFRS S2, highlighting the need for robust and inclusive climate governance.
Contributions of the Study: This work contributes to the understanding of stakeholder perceptions and the alignment of organizations in BRICS countries with international standards. The data presented seeks to assist various actors within the IFRS S2 scenario: i) the ISSB itself, in order to understand the opinion of relevant countries in the international economic scenario, such as the BRICS, with the aim of assisting them in the preparation of new regulations by the agency; ii) governments, in the preparation of their public policies, with the perception of the various stakeholders in the subject; iii) society, to understand the demands of standard-setting bodies and companies on sustainability.
Downloads
References
Adhikari, A., Betancourt, L., & Alshameri, F. (2014). The SEC's Proposed IFRS Roadmap: An analysis of comment letters using content analysis and textual software. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 23(2), 98-108. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2014.07.001
Al Farooque, O., & Ahulu, H. (2017). Determinants of social and economic reportings: Evidence from Australia, the UK and South African multinational enterprises. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 25(2), 177-200. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/ijaim-01-2016-0003
Bahammam, A. S., Trabelsi, K., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., & Jahrami, H. (2023). Adapting to the impact of artificial intelligence in scientific writing: Balancing benefits and drawbacks while developing policies and regulations. Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine, 6(3), 152-158.
Brasil. (s.d.). História do BRICS. Recuperado em 15 abril, 2024, de https://www.gov.br/planalto/pt-br/agenda-internacional/missoes-internacionais/reuniao-do-brics-2023/historia-do-brics
Cardoso, R. L., Saravia, E., Tenório, F. G., & Silva, M. A. (2009). Regulação da contabilidade: teorias e análise da convergência dos padrões contábeis brasileiros aos IFRS. Revista de Administração Pública, 43, 773-799. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-76122009000400003
Carmo, C. H. S., Ribeiro, A. M., & Carvalho, L. N. G. (2018). Regulação Contábil Internacional: Interesse Público ou Grupos de Interesse? Contabilidade Gestão e Governança, 21(1), 1–20. doi: https://doi.org/10.21714/1984-3925_2018v21n1a1
Carvalho, N. L., Kersting, C., Rosa, G., Fruet, L., & Barcellos, A. L. (2015). Desenvolvimento sustentável x desenvolvimento econômico. Revista Monografias Ambientais, 109-117.
Farias, L. C., Coelho, A. L. A. L., & Coelho, C. (2019). Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e educação para a sustentabilidade: análise das concepções de sustentabilidade de estudantes de Administração em uma instituição superior pública. Administração: Ensino e Pesquisa, 20(3), 796-836. doi: https://doi.org/10.13058/raep.2019.v20n3.1494
Feintuck, M. (2010). Regulatory Rationales Beyond the Economic: In Search of the Public Interest. In R. Baldwin, M. Cave, & M. Lodge (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Regulation (pp. 39-63). Oxford University Press.
Gaviria, D. A. G., Martínez, E. M. C., Polo, O. C. C., & Arcila, J. O. S. (2023). Accounting Mechanism to Measure the Environmental Impact of Industries in the Aburrá Valley and its Application of the General Disclosure Requirements Related to Financial Information on Sustainability (IFRS S1) and Climate-Related Disclosures (IFRS S2). Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 17(5), 1-16. doi: https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n5-013
Haveroth, J., Nez, E., Bilk, Â., & Klann, R. C. (2017). Características e perspectivas internacionais dos diversos grupos de interesses em relação à IFRS SME’s. Revista de Educação e Pesquisa em Contabilidade, 11(4), 430-450. doi: https://doi.org/10.17524/repec.v11i4.1636
Hewa, S. I., Mala, R., & Chen, J. (2020). IASB's independence in the due process: an examination of interest groups’ influence on the development of IFRS 9. Accounting & Finance, 60(3), 2585-2615. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12426
IFRS Foundation. (s.d)a. How we set IFRS® Standards. Recuperado de 13 agosto, 2024, de https://www.ifrs.org/about-us/how-we-set-ifrs-standards/
IFRS Foundation. (s.d)b. About the International Sustainability Standards Board. Recuperado de 13 agosto, 2024, de https://www.ifrs.org/groups/international-sustainability-standards-board/
IFRS Foundation. (2021). IFRS Foundation announces International Sustainability Standards Board, consolidation with CDSB and VRF, and publication of prototype disclosure requirements. Recuperado de 13 agosto, 2024, de https://www.ifrs.org/news-and-events/news/2021/11/ifrs-foundation-announces-issb-consolidation-with-cdsb-vrf-publication-of-prototypes/
IFRS Foundation. (2022a). ISSB at COP27: ISSB makes key announcements towards the implementation of climate-related disclosure standards in 2023. Recuperado de 13 agosto, 2024, de https://www.ifrs.org/news-and-events/news/2022/11/issb-cop27-progress-implementation-climate-related-disclosure-standards-in-2023/
IFRS Foundation. (2022b). ISSB meetings: Summary of comments Climate-related Disclosures. Recuperado de 01 julho, 2025, de https://www.ifrs.org/content/dam/ifrs/meetings/2022/september/issb/ap4a-climate-related-disclosures-summary-of-comments.pdf
IFRS Foundation. (2023a). General Sustainability-related Disclosures. Recuperado de 13 agosto, 2024, de https://www.ifrs.org/projects/work-plan/general-sustainability-related-disclosures/
IFRS Foundation. (2023b). Climate-related Disclosures. Recuperado de 13 agosto, 2024, de https://www.ifrs.org/projects/work-plan/climate-related-disclosures/
Indyk, M. (2022). Are the companies prepared for sustainability reporting under the ED IFRS S1 and S2? Evidence from Poland. Audit Financiar, 20(168), 641-654. doi: https://doi.org/10.20869/auditf/2022/168/022
Indyk, M. (2023). Auditorii situatiilor financiare recunosc punctele de vedere legate de ESG ca un aspect cheie de audit?. Audit Financiar, 21(2 (170)), 312-320.
Jiang, K., & Lu, X. (2020, November). Natural language processing and its applications in machine translation: a diachronic review. In 2020 IEEE 3rd International Conference of Safe Production and Informatization (IICSPI) (pp. 210-214). IEEE.
Lopes, A. E. M. P., & Dourado, M. F. (2024). O papel da gestão pública no cenário internacional: análise das relações internacionais do BRICS. In Administração pública e gestão social: reflexões teóricas e conceituais (pp. 156-167). Editora Científica Digital.
Ma, J., Wu, X., & Huang, L. (2022). The use of artificial intelligence in literature search and selection of the PubMed database. Scientific Programming, 2022(1), 8855307.
Matos, E. B. S., Gonçalves, R. S., Niyama, J. K., & Marques, M. (2013). Convergência internacional: análise da relação entre o processo normativo e a composição dos membros do IASB. Advances in Scientific and Applied Accounting, 2, 66-91. doi: https://doi.org/10.14392/asaa/2013060104
Murcia, F. D.-R. (2010). Interação entre Contabilidade e Direito: em busca de uma teoria da regulação contábil. Revista Catarinense da Ciência Contábil – CRCSC, 9(25), 19-32. doi: https://doi.org/10.16930/2237-7662/rccc.v9n25p19-32
Quirino, M. C. O., & Lima, D. H. S. (novembro, 2018). Contratos de Receita: Uma análise das cartas comentários ao Exposure Draft ED/2016/6–Clarification to IFRS 15. Anais do Congresso Nacional de Administração e Contabilidade-AdCont, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brasil.
Scott, W. R. (2009). Financial accounting theory (5th ed.). Pearson.
Silva, J. P., Niyama, J. K., & Rodrigues, A. M. (2016). Análise da percepção dos participantes do processo normativo do IASB sobre a proposta de revisão da Estrutura Conceitual. Advances in Scientific & Applied Accounting, 9(3). doi: https://doi.org/10.14392/asaa.2016090301
Suta, A., Tóth, Á., & Borbély, K. (2022). Presenting climate-related disclosures in the automotive sector: Practical possibilities and limitations of current reporting prototypes and methods. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 94, 379-384.
Visoto, M. C. R., Silva, T. C., Nobre, I. R., & Rodrigues, J. M. (2020). IFRS 9–Financial instruments: fatores determinantes da influência das comment letters em relação a minuta de pronunciamento (ED/2013/3) do IASB. Revista Contemporânea de Contabilidade, 17(43), 19-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8069.2020v17n43p19
Viscusi, W. K., Harrington Junior, J. E., & Sappington, D. E. M. (2018). Economics of Regulation and Antitrust (5th ed.). MIT Press.
Watts, R. L., & Zimmerman, J. L. (1978). Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards. Accounting Review, 53(1), 112-134.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this magazine agree with the following terms:
Authors keep the copyrights and concede the right of its first publication to the magazine. The work piece must be simultaneously licensed on the Creative Commons Attribution Licence which allows the paper sharing, and preserves both the author identity and the right of first publication to this magazine.
Authors are authorized to assume additional contracts separately, to not-exclusively distribution of the paper version published in this magazine (e.g.: publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with the author identity recognition and its first publication in this magazine.
Authors are permitted and stimulated to publish and distribute their papers online (e.g.: in institutional repository or on their personal webpage), considering it can generate productive alterations, as well as increase the impact and the quotations of the published paper.
Creative Commons - Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0 Internacional.
Português (Brasil)
English
Español (España)
